From Wound to Page:

Create Richer Characters from Backstory Wounds

(Note: a version of this post first appeared on Jane Friedman’s blog on 10/10/23.)

When we wish to create rich characters in our stories, we want to give the reader more than superficial identifiers, and more than surface story arcs. We want to create characters that live and breathe, that exhibit realistic traits and emotions.

The best way to deepen and enrich our characters is to develop them from long before they enter the story we’re writing. Every character (really, every human being) struggles with one or more wounding experiences that create life-long emotional responses. These backstory wounds result in the lies our characters tell themselves, or what Lisa Cron in STORY GENIUS refers to as “misbeliefs”.

By borrowing from acting techniques, especially those developed by Constantin Stanislavski, writers can follow a logical sequence of development to create a character that feels real and alive while their wound and misbelief may remain buried and invisible – even to the character.

Here’s a look at how we can move from backstory wound to a character that feels vivid and real in the moment of your story.

Backstory Wounds in Action

Backstory wounds come in all forms and sizes, but they share one thing in common: whether seemingly trivial or clearly debilitating, the wounding experience is an unforgettable emotional trauma that causes lasting pain. The wounding can be singular or repeated, and because we each experience pain in our own way, even small wounds can be damaging.

Examples include bullying, abuse, poverty, loss of a loved one, physical disability, fear during a natural event, failure.

Because we process pain by trying to make sense of it, we turn to self-reflection, and that can quickly turn into self-blame. Self-blame forms the lie or misbelief that dominates all future behaviors.

Here’s an example of the wound and the misbelief in action in a character:

A child witnesses her father leave when her parents divorce. She reflects that the divorce must be her fault – she was naughty, or cranky – and the lie that forms is “my dad left me and Mom because he doesn’t like my behavior, so I must be defective.”

The lie begins to emerge as a statement of fact: “Defective people (like me) can’t form relationships.” This fact perpetuates fear: “I’ll be abandoned again, because I’m defective.” And fear of further wounding holds this character in thrall: “To keep myself from being abandoned again, I won’t form relationships at all.”

This character will grow up with an emotional shield that could result in all sorts of possible character arcs: a cold woman who callously murders her partners; a broken woman who hops from one affair to the next; a timid woman who walks away from any possible partner; and so on.

Character Behaviors and Traits Emerge from the Wound

Character behaviors are patterned by the character’s emotions that result from the misbelief. Actors study human behavior to develop mannerisms or tics that are outward physical manifestations of those misbelief-generated emotions.

We can use the same sequence of developing our characters to create mannerisms, traits, and tics that reflect their deep-seated emotions in a way that shows the wound and misbelief emerging through those gestures.

Here’s the step-by-step exercise to help you uncover your character’s wound, its lasting impact, and how it reveals itself through your character’s actions on the page.

1.     Choose your character, and brainstorm 5 possible wounding backstory events for that character. Try to make them each a little different, with different impact. Remember that these events happened long before the start of your story.

2.     Choose what feels like it could be a powerful event for your character and write a full scene around it. You may or may not use this scene in your story; if you do I suggest burying it deep in the narrative.

3.     Identify the lie or misbelief that results from the wound that emerges from this scene. For example, bullying might result in the lie that your character must protect himself.

4.     Identify the lasting emotions in your character that are produced by the lie. The bullied kid feels that to protect himself, he must act tough; or, he might fear that trying to protect himself will lead to abuse.

5.     Identify the behaviors that result from those emotions. The tough kid might bully other kids, or take up boxing, or wear clothing that feels/looks like armor; or the fearful kid might run and hide from any conflict.

6.     Identify the mannerisms, traits, or tics that result from those behaviors. The tough kid might affect a swagger, or a sneer. He might wear all black. He might push others out of his way in his rise to the top. He might abuse substances, or conversely refrain from them in order to be fully in control. The fearful kid might have a speech impediment, or an odd way of not looking directly at others, or he might have OCD.

To take this back to our woman who was wounded by divorce, she may have traits like standing rigidly and speaking forcefully, or tugging on her sleeves as if to hide her skin, or insisting on perfection in everything and everyone around her because being less than perfect results in abandonment.

The traits that define your character will rise directly from their wound.

The Causal Chain of Backstory

As you can see, the wounding experience results in multiple possible misbeliefs, which results in multiple possible emotional responses, and so on. Think of this as a branching tree or hierarchy diagram in which each step allows you to pursue the best possible path for your character in terms of your intention. The choice is yours as to how your character responds to the wounding experience and will be based in how you see the emotional, internal arc and its impact on the external conflict arc of your story.

The growth in your character over the course of her journey may be reflected in changes in her emotions, behaviors, and mannerisms, which will subtly convey (by showing, not telling) her emotional arc to your readers.

You’re creating a cause-and-effect chain by starting with something that happened to your character long before page one. Each link you add to the chain will add depth to your character and her emotional journey, and depth to your story as well.

Help For Writers

I want to share resources created by my friend, Sam Cameron (she/her). Like me, Sam is a book coach who specializes in kid lit, and she especially loves to work with authors writing LGBTQ+ stories for kids.

Sam has a great opportunity to share for writers who live in the DC Area. On February 17, she'll be teaching a course "Writing LGBTQ+ Characters for Kids."

In this workshop, Sam will discuss how the inclusion of LGBTQ+ themes varies by age level, identify the most common problematic LGBTQ+ tropes and stereotypes, and test your project for LGBTQ+ inclusivity. You’ll also walk away with a list of book recommendations and some practical tips for deepening all your characters.

The class is in-person at the Writer's Center in Bethesda, MD, so it's best suited for folks who live in the DC Area.

But, even if you don't live near DC, you can still learn about LGBTQ+ representation from Sam.

And More Help….

Once again, if you’re looking for community, content, and support, I’m building a membership and course-rich program that opens in February 2024.

The Fox’s Den is nine modules with hours and hours of writing craft content, and regular meetings to keep you going. You can find details here. It’s limited enrollment, and there’s an early-bird reduced-rate deadline of March 1, so please let me know if you’re interested and I’ll send you an application.

I would also love to know what else you’re looking for so contact me! Ask me a question, or two or more.